Choose the noun: run, blue, river, slowly.
- river
- slowly
- run
- blue
Answer and explanation
river
river
Subjects
Reading & writing
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Topics
Sample exercises
Choose the adjective: soft, sing, table, quickly.
- quickly
- table
- soft
- sing
Answer and explanation
soft
soft
Choose the opposite of “empty”.
- full
- open
- light
- quiet
Answer and explanation
full
full
Choose the opposite of “before”.
- after
- always
- near
- under
Answer and explanation
after
after
Which word is a verb?
- green
- chair
- happiness
- jump
Answer and explanation
jump
jump
Which mark normally ends a direct written question in English?
- .
- ?
- ,
- ;
Answer and explanation
?
?
Study notes
English grammar essentials
20 key concepts, retrieval questions and a learning checkpoint.
Grades 3–8English grammar essentials · quick reference
Test a word in its sentence. The same spelling can be a noun in one context and a verb in another.
Grades 3–8Reading and literary analysis
25 key concepts, retrieval questions and a learning checkpoint.
Grades 5–12Reading and literary analysis · quick reference
Support an interpretation with specific details. A theme is a developed idea, not simply one word such as friendship.
Grades 5–12Writing and argument
20 key concepts, retrieval questions and a learning checkpoint.
Grades 5–12Writing and argument · quick reference
Evidence does not explain itself. Follow it with a sentence showing how it supports your specific claim.
Grades 5–12The red kite · reading guide
An original passage with comprehension, reasoning and a marking guide.
Grades K–1A seed in a pot · reading guide
An original passage with comprehension, reasoning and a marking guide.
Grades 1–2The lost mitten · reading guide
An original passage with comprehension, reasoning and a marking guide.
Grades 1–3The library cart · reading guide
An original passage with comprehension, reasoning and a marking guide.
Grades 2–4A rainy-day plan · reading guide
An original passage with comprehension, reasoning and a marking guide.
Grades 2–4The shared garden · reading guide
An original passage with comprehension, reasoning and a marking guide.
Grades 3–5Two model bridges · reading guide
An original passage with comprehension, reasoning and a marking guide.
Grades 4–6The bus survey · reading guide
An original passage with comprehension, reasoning and a marking guide.
Grades 5–7The museum label · reading guide
An original passage with comprehension, reasoning and a marking guide.
Grades 5–8The river notebook · reading guide
An original passage with comprehension, reasoning and a marking guide.
Grades 6–9The quiet room · reading guide
An original passage with comprehension, reasoning and a marking guide.
Grades 6–9The lighting comparison · reading guide
An original passage with comprehension, reasoning and a marking guide.
Grades 7–10The tree proposal · reading guide
An original passage with comprehension, reasoning and a marking guide.
Grades 7–10Voices in an archive · reading guide
An original passage with comprehension, reasoning and a marking guide.
Grades 9–12A relationship in the data · reading guide
An original passage with comprehension, reasoning and a marking guide.
Grades 9–12The unreliable clock · reading guide
An original passage with comprehension, reasoning and a marking guide.
Grades 9–12Assumptions in a model · reading guide
An original passage with comprehension, reasoning and a marking guide.
Grades 10–12Public memory · reading guide
An original passage with comprehension, reasoning and a marking guide.
Grades 10–12The revised conclusion · reading guide
An original passage with comprehension, reasoning and a marking guide.
Grades 11–12The shared path · reading guide
An original passage with comprehension, reasoning and a marking guide.
Grades 11–12Subject–verb agreement in context
Choose the verb that agrees with the subject, not a nearby distractor noun.
Grades 2–5Subject–verb agreement in context · revision card
Choose the verb that agrees with the subject, not a nearby distractor noun.
Grades 2–5Punctuation and sentence editing
Use punctuation to mark sentence boundaries, direct questions, lists and possession.
Grades 3–6Punctuation and sentence editing · revision card
Use punctuation to mark sentence boundaries, direct questions, lists and possession.
Grades 3–6Prefixes, suffixes and word meanings
A prefix appears before a base; a suffix follows it. Context still matters.
Grades 3–7Prefixes, suffixes and word meanings · revision card
A prefix appears before a base; a suffix follows it. Context still matters.
Grades 3–7Figurative language and precise interpretation
A simile often uses like or as. A metaphor makes a direct comparison. Personification gives human qualities to nonhuman things.
Grades 5–9Figurative language and precise interpretation · revision card
A simile often uses like or as. A metaphor makes a direct comparison. Personification gives human qualities to nonhuman things.
Grades 5–9Claims, evidence and counterarguments
A claim needs relevant evidence and reasoning that explains how the evidence supports it.
Grades 7–10Claims, evidence and counterarguments · revision card
A claim needs relevant evidence and reasoning that explains how the evidence supports it.
Grades 7–10Reading numerical claims critically
A percentage needs a base group and a clear time period.
Grades 9–12Reading numerical claims critically · revision card
A percentage needs a base group and a clear time period.
Grades 9–12Nouns, verbs and adjectives in sentences
A word’s role depends on how it is used in context.
Grades 1–4Nouns, verbs and adjectives in sentences · revision card
A word’s role depends on how it is used in context.
Grades 1–4Text structure and main ideas
Writers may organize by sequence, comparison, cause and effect, or problem and solution.
Grades 4–8Text structure and main ideas · revision card
Writers may organize by sequence, comparison, cause and effect, or problem and solution.
Grades 4–8Sounds, words and early sentence sense
An adult may read these prompts aloud for early learners.
Grades K–2Sounds, words and early sentence sense · revision card
An adult may read these prompts aloud for early learners.
Grades K–2The blue cup
Read once, answer together, and check your reasoning.
Grades K–1The paper boat
Read once, answer together, and check your reasoning.
Grades 1–2The missing labels
Read once, answer together, and check your reasoning.
Grades 2–3The changed shopping list
Read once, answer together, and check your reasoning.
Grades 2–4Two ways to count
Read once, answer together, and check your reasoning.
Grades 3–5A second life for a lamp
Read once, answer together, and check your reasoning.
Grades 4–6The strongest bridge?
Read once, answer together, and check your reasoning.
Grades 4–7The audio labels
Read once, answer together, and check your reasoning.
Grades 5–7The shortest route
Read once, answer together, and check your reasoning.
Grades 5–8A lower meter reading
Read once, answer together, and check your reasoning.
Grades 6–8Two garden diaries
Read once, answer together, and check your reasoning.
Grades 6–9The bus-route pilot
Read once, answer together, and check your reasoning.
Grades 7–9The sorting shortcut
Read once, answer together, and check your reasoning.
Grades 8–10The efficient machine
Read once, answer together, and check your reasoning.
Grades 8–11The survey headline
Read once, answer together, and check your reasoning.
Grades 9–12Beyond the tested range
Read once, answer together, and check your reasoning.
Grades 10–12What the archive does not hold
Read once, answer together, and check your reasoning.
Grades 10–12The right formula, the wrong model
Read once, answer together, and check your reasoning.
Grades 11–12A library shelf
Read once, answer together, and check your reasoning.
Grades 2–5Seed packets
Read once, answer together, and check your reasoning.
Grades 3–5Listening for sounds and letter groups
Listen to sounds rather than only counting written letters. Adult read-aloud support may help.
Grades K–2Listening for sounds and letter groups · Revision card
Listen to sounds rather than only counting written letters. Adult read-aloud support may help.
Grades K–2Sentences that tell, ask and direct
A sentence can state information, ask a question or give a direction.
Grades 1–4Sentences that tell, ask and direct · Revision card
A sentence can state information, ask a question or give a direction.
Grades 1–4Nouns, pronouns and clear references
A pronoun should point clearly to the noun it replaces.
Grades 2–5Nouns, pronouns and clear references · Revision card
A pronoun should point clearly to the noun it replaces.
Grades 2–5Verb tenses and time clues
Yesterday, now and tomorrow help identify the intended tense.
Grades 3–6Verb tenses and time clues · Revision card
Yesterday, now and tomorrow help identify the intended tense.
Grades 3–6Punctuation for precise meaning
A semicolon can join closely related independent clauses.
Grades 5–9Punctuation for precise meaning · Revision card
A semicolon can join closely related independent clauses.
Grades 5–9Evidence, inference and uncertainty
A stated detail is explicit; an inference combines clues with reasoning.
Grades 4–8Evidence, inference and uncertainty · Revision card
A stated detail is explicit; an inference combines clues with reasoning.
Grades 4–8Paragraphs, cohesion and revision
A paragraph develops a central idea with relevant details.
Grades 5–9Paragraphs, cohesion and revision · Revision card
A paragraph develops a central idea with relevant details.
Grades 5–9Poetry: speaker, sound and interpretation
A poem may use an invented voice.
Grades 6–10Poetry: speaker, sound and interpretation · Revision card
A poem may use an invented voice.
Grades 6–10Paraphrasing, attribution and argument
Changing a few words is not enough; express the meaning accurately in a new structure.
Grades 8–12Paraphrasing, attribution and argument · Revision card
Changing a few words is not enough; express the meaning accurately in a new structure.
Grades 8–12The red boot
An original passage with comprehension questions and a teacher key.
Grades 1–3Buttons on the path
An original passage with comprehension questions and a teacher key.
Grades 1–3A place to read
An original passage with comprehension questions and a teacher key.
Grades 1–3The bell by the shelf
An original passage with comprehension questions and a teacher key.
Grades 2–4The folded bridge
An original passage with comprehension questions and a teacher key.
Grades 3–5The watering list
An original passage with comprehension questions and a teacher key.
Grades 3–5Labels for the seed swap
An original passage with comprehension questions and a teacher key.
Grades 3–5The notebook without a name
An original passage with comprehension questions and a teacher key.
Grades 4–6The second pond count
An original passage with comprehension questions and a teacher key.
Grades 4–6Two clocks at the station
An original passage with comprehension questions and a teacher key.
Grades 4–6The sign that pointed both ways
An original passage with comprehension questions and a teacher key.
Grades 5–7The repair table
An original passage with comprehension questions and a teacher key.
Grades 5–7A caption with a question
An original passage with comprehension questions and a teacher key.
Grades 6–8The missing week
An original passage with comprehension questions and a teacher key.
Grades 6–8The shared field
An original passage with comprehension questions and a teacher key.
Grades 6–8A quiet corner that stayed busy
An original passage with comprehension questions and a teacher key.
Grades 6–9The prototype and the practiced team
An original passage with comprehension questions and a teacher key.
Grades 7–10The empty folder
An original passage with comprehension questions and a teacher key.
Grades 7–10The survey at the cycle rack
An original passage with comprehension questions and a teacher key.
Grades 8–10An old map at the shoreline
An original passage with comprehension questions and a teacher key.
Grades 8–11A score without a guarantee
An original passage with comprehension questions and a teacher key.
Grades 9–12The translator's note
An original passage with comprehension questions and a teacher key.
Grades 9–12The cheaper proposal
An original passage with comprehension questions and a teacher key.
Grades 9–12The threshold in the model
An original passage with comprehension questions and a teacher key.
Grades 10–12Reading and source analysis: evidence before certainty
A reference card for passages, historical records and everyday information.
Grades 5–12Complete sentences and clear boundaries
Identify independent clauses and revise punctuation without losing meaning.
Grades 3–6Complete sentences and clear boundaries · Revision sheet
Identify independent clauses and revise punctuation without losing meaning.
Grades 3–6A claim needs relevant evidence
Distinguish a text-based inference from a statement the passage cannot support.
Grades 5–8A claim needs relevant evidence · Revision sheet
Distinguish a text-based inference from a statement the passage cannot support.
Grades 5–8Summaries, paraphrases and attribution
Retell ideas in new wording without distorting their meaning.
Grades 6–10Summaries, paraphrases and attribution · Revision sheet
Retell ideas in new wording without distorting their meaning.
Grades 6–10Tone, counterarguments and careful conclusions
Evaluate how language influences an argument without treating tone as proof.
Grades 9–12Tone, counterarguments and careful conclusions · Revision sheet
Evaluate how language influences an argument without treating tone as proof.
Grades 9–12Academic arguments, evidence and qualification
A defensible argument states a specific claim rather than an unlimited assertion. The intended audience and purpose determine the required scope.
Grades 9–12Academic arguments, evidence and qualification · revision notes
A defensible argument states a specific claim rather than an unlimited assertion. The intended audience and purpose determine the required scope.
Grades 9–12Research questions and scope
A focused question that guides investigation and evidence gathering.
UniversityResearch questions and scope · revision notes
A focused question that guides investigation and evidence gathering.
UniversitySource evaluation
Evidence created in the period, event or process being studied.
UniversitySource evaluation · revision notes
Evidence created in the period, event or process being studied.
UniversityParagraphs and argument
A sentence stating the main idea or claim of a paragraph.
UniversityParagraphs and argument · revision notes
A sentence stating the main idea or claim of a paragraph.
UniversityParaphrasing and citation
Exact borrowed wording clearly marked and attributed.
UniversityParaphrasing and citation · revision notes
Exact borrowed wording clearly marked and attributed.
UniversityRelated courses
Reading & writing4 lessons
Academic writing and research
Learn research questions, source evaluation, argument structure and citation practice.
32 quiz questions · University