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Reading & writing · Grades 9–12

The survey headline

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The survey headline

An optional survey on a study app finds that 82% of respondents prefer digital notes. The headline reads Students reject paper. Only current app users saw the survey, and fewer than one in ten invited users responded. The result describes the respondents’ stated preferences, but it does not establish the preferences of all students or whether digital notes improve learning outcomes.

Try it yourself

  1. Identify two reasons the sample may not represent all students.

  2. Why does preference not prove improved learning?

  3. Rewrite the headline so that it matches the evidence more closely.

  4. Name a stronger design for estimating student preferences broadly.

Check your understanding

Answers and marking notes
  1. It includes only app users, and response was optional with a low response fraction.

    It includes only app users, and response was optional with a low response fraction.

  2. Preference and learning outcomes are different measures; performance would need appropriate separate evidence.

    Preference and learning outcomes are different measures; performance would need appropriate separate evidence.

  3. For example: 82% of respondents to an optional study-app survey preferred digital notes.

    For example: 82% of respondents to an optional study-app survey preferred digital notes.

  4. Use a defined target population and a representative sampling approach including non-users, with attention to nonresponse.

    Use a defined target population and a representative sampling approach including non-users, with attention to nonresponse.

Learning preview · teacher review required. Grade bands are approximate, not official curriculum alignment.