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Reading & writing · Grades 5–9

Paragraphs, cohesion and revision

A paragraph develops a central idea with relevant details.

Make a worksheet

Understand the idea

Keep one focus

A paragraph develops a central idea with relevant details.

Show connections

Transitions indicate contrast, sequence, example or cause.

Revise for meaning

Remove repetition and repair unclear references before decorative word changes.

Worked examples

Which transition introduces a contrast?

However signals a contrasting idea.

however

Which transition introduces an illustration?

For instance introduces an example.

for instance

Try it yourself

  1. Write a topic sentence for a paragraph explaining why a school garden can support learning.

  2. Which detail best supports a paragraph about reducing classroom noise?

    1. Felt pads on chair legs reduced scraping sounds.
    2. The wall is pale blue.
    3. The chairs were delivered in April.
    4. The classroom has four windows.

  3. Revise this repetition: The path was muddy. There was mud on the path. The path had lots of mud.

  4. Which sentence order is most logical for instructions?

    1. Check the result, assemble parts, gather materials.
    2. Assemble parts, check the result, gather materials.
    3. Check the result, gather materials, assemble parts.
    4. Gather materials, assemble parts, check the result.

Answers and marking notes

Answers and marking notes
  1. For example: A school garden gives pupils practical ways to investigate living things.

    Accept a focused claim that can be developed with relevant details.

  2. Felt pads on chair legs reduced scraping sounds.

    This detail directly addresses noise reduction.

  3. The path was covered in thick mud.

    Accept a concise sentence preserving the central information.

  4. Gather materials, assemble parts, check the result.

    Preparation precedes assembly and checking.

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