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Reading & writing · Grades 7–10

Claims, evidence and counterarguments

A claim needs relevant evidence and reasoning that explains how the evidence supports it.

Make a worksheet

Understand the idea

Build a chain

A claim needs relevant evidence and reasoning that explains how the evidence supports it.

Address alternatives

A counterargument presents a reasonable opposing concern, not a caricature.

Examples and reasoning

Which is a claim rather than raw data?

The school should extend library hours.

The school should extend library hours.

Which evidence most directly supports demand for later library hours?

A record of people turned away near closing time

A record of people turned away near closing time

Check your understanding

  1. Which is a reasonable counterargument to longer opening hours?

    1. Books are rectangular.
    2. Extra staffing would cost money.
    3. Only foolish people disagree.
    4. The claim has a title.

  2. An argument attacks the speaker rather than the claim. What should a reviewer do?

    1. Ask for evidence about the claim itself.
    2. Count the insults.
    3. Ignore all future evidence.
    4. Accept the attack as proof.

  3. Which sentence connects evidence to a claim?

    1. I like my idea.
    2. The library is nice.
    3. Because many users arrive just before closing, later hours could meet unmet demand.
    4. There are books.

  4. A survey asks only people already attending a club whether the club needs more funding. Describe a limitation.

Answers and marking notes

Answers and marking notes
  1. Extra staffing would cost money.

    Extra staffing would cost money.

  2. Ask for evidence about the claim itself.

    Ask for evidence about the claim itself.

  3. Because many users arrive just before closing, later hours could meet unmet demand.

    Because many users arrive just before closing, later hours could meet unmet demand.

  4. The sample may overrepresent current members’ preferences and may not represent the wider community.

    The sample may overrepresent current members’ preferences and may not represent the wider community.

Learning preview · teacher review required. Grade bands are approximate, not official curriculum alignment.