Find concentration for 0.15 mol in 0.50 L of solution.
Answer and explanation
0.3 mol/L
c = 0.15/0.50 = 0.30.
Subjects
Analytical chemistry
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Sample exercises
How many liters are in 250 mL?
Answer and explanation
0.25 L
Divide milliliters by 1000.
A 20 mL aliquot at 0.50 mol/L is diluted to 100 mL total. Find the new concentration.
Answer and explanation
0.1 mol/L
c₂ = 0.50 × 20/100 = 0.10.
During dilution with no loss or reaction, what stays unchanged?
- The solution volume.
- The concentration.
- The amount of solute.
Answer and explanation
The amount of solute.
Adding solvent lowers concentration but preserves solute amount.
How many moles are in 0.20 L of a 0.40 mol/L solution?
Answer and explanation
0.08 mol
n = cV = 0.40 × 0.20 = 0.080.
Why must a dilution question say final volume rather than only added solvent volume?
Answer and explanation
The concentration depends on the total final solution volume.
Assuming volume addition can also be inaccurate for some mixtures.
Study notes
Concentration and dilution
Count solute amount before and after adding solvent.
Grades 9–12Concentration and dilution · Revision sheet
Count solute amount before and after adding solvent.
Grades 9–12Titration data and stoichiometry
Use the balanced mole ratio and distinguish endpoint from equivalence.
Grades 10–12Titration data and stoichiometry · Revision sheet
Use the balanced mole ratio and distinguish endpoint from equivalence.
Grades 10–12Chromatography and evidence
Interpret a supplied chromatogram without claiming one spot proves identity.
Grades 9–12Chromatography and evidence · Revision sheet
Interpret a supplied chromatogram without claiming one spot proves identity.
Grades 9–12Calibration, blanks and uncertainty
Use the supplied relationship within its validated range.
Grades 10–12Calibration, blanks and uncertainty · Revision sheet
Use the supplied relationship within its validated range.
Grades 10–12Yield, purity and limiting amounts
Do not confuse an impure recovered mass with a chemical yield.
Grades 10–12Yield, purity and limiting amounts · Revision sheet
Do not confuse an impure recovered mass with a chemical yield.
Grades 10–12Moles in an aliquot
For concentration in mol/L, convert the final solution volume from mL to L before multiplying.
Grades 9–12Amount and concentration
Divide moles of solute by the final solution volume in litres, not by solvent volume alone.
Grades 9–12Dilution with conserved solute
Final volume is the total solution volume; assume no reaction or solute loss.
Grades 9–12Mass percentage
Use total solution mass in the denominator: solute plus solvent. Multiply the fraction by 100.
Grades 8–11Mass of a pure component
Convert purity percent to a fraction before multiplying the total sample mass.
Grades 9–12Percentage yield
Compare actual pure product with the theoretical maximum in the same units. Yield and purity are different quantities.
Grades 9–12Diprotic-acid stoichiometry
Use the balanced equation, not an assumed one-to-one ratio. Here each formula unit supplies two hydroxide ions.
Grades 10–12Chromatography Rf
Measure both distances from the same origin. Rf is dimensionless and depends on the chromatographic conditions.
Grades 9–12Linear calibration with a blank
Subtract the intercept or blank first, then divide by the slope. Use the model only within its stated calibration range.
Grades 10–12Analytical chemistry · Formula reference 1
Formula reference
Grades 8–12Analytical chemistry · Formula reference 2
Formula reference
Grades 9–12