From the study guide Fractions as equal shares and numbers
Study guide for Grades 3 to 6: 4 key ideas, including equal parts, equivalent values and comparison; 2 worked examples and 3 practice questions. Use the same whole and equal-size parts when interpreting fractions.
Equal parts: A denominator describes how many equal parts make one whole.
Equivalent values: Multiplying numerator and denominator by the same nonzero number preserves a fraction.
Comparison: With a common positive denominator, compare numerators. Different wholes require extra information.
Reasonableness: Use benchmarks such as 0, one half and 1 before accepting a calculation.