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Grade 5 · Science · curriculum collection

Grade 5 Science, NGSS domains

4 units for Grade 5 science, organised by NGSS disciplinary core idea domain: Physical Sciences, Life Sciences, Earth and Space Sciences. Each unit has a short lesson, a practice worksheet and a review worksheet, both with answer keys.

4 units8 worksheets96 questions with answers
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Answer-checked and approved on 29 October 2026

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Aligned by StudyBrix at domain level. Not an official publication of, or endorsed by, the standards' authors. Framework: Next Generation Science Standards.

Units in teaching order

01

PS Physical Sciences

Matter & forces

Properties of materials, states of matter, forces and simple measurements of motion and density.

Short lesson: Matter and changes

Study guide for Grades 3 to 7: 20 key ideas, including solid, liquid and gas; 3 practice questions.

A change of state is physical. Heating does not automatically mean a new substance has formed.

  • Solid. A state of matter with a definite shape and volume under ordinary classroom conditions.
  • Liquid. A state of matter with a definite volume that takes the shape of its container.
  • Gas. A state of matter that expands to fill the available container.
  • Melting. A change from solid to liquid.

Read the full study guide

Worksheets

A practice worksheet and a review worksheet, 12 and 12 questions.

Worksheets (PDF)Answer keys (PDF)
Practice worksheet: 12 questions

  1. Matter and changes: which term fits this description? A direct change from gas to solid.

    1. Mass
    2. Deposition
    3. Chemical change
    4. Physical change

  2. Which is a simple inclined plane?

    1. a stopwatch
    2. a thermometer
    3. a ramp
    4. a cloud

  3. Which observation is more specific?

    1. The material looks successful.
    2. The material absorbed 5 mL in the stated test.
    3. The material is definitely perfect.

  4. Which force pulls a dropped ball towards Earth?

    1. Friction only
    2. Gravity
    3. Sound
    4. Magnetism

  5. Which material is generally a good conductor of electricity?

    1. Rubber
    2. Copper
    3. Glass
    4. Dry wood

  6. What is the change from liquid water to water vapour called?

    1. Evaporation
    2. Condensation
    3. Freezing
    4. Melting

  7. Matter and changes: which term fits this description? A state of matter with a definite volume that takes the shape of its container.

    1. Solid
    2. Solvent
    3. Deposition
    4. Liquid

  8. A toy stops after being pushed. Why does that not show it has used up a substance called force?

  9. Name two properties to consider for a carrying bag.

  10. Matter and changes: which term fits this description? The substance described as being dissolved in a solution.

    1. Sublimation
    2. Condensation
    3. Solute
    4. Chemical change

  11. Give an example in which a force changes an object’s shape without moving it across a room.

  12. Which property matters most for a rain-cover material?

    1. Whether a friend likes its color.
    2. The first letter of its name.
    3. Resistance to water passage.
Answer key
  1. Deposition Deposition: A direct change from gas to solid.
  2. a ramp
  3. The material absorbed 5 mL in the stated test. A measured result with conditions is more informative.
  4. Gravity
  5. Copper
  6. Evaporation
  7. Liquid Liquid: A state of matter with a definite volume that takes the shape of its container.
  8. Forces are interactions, not stored fuel; opposing forces such as friction change the toy’s motion.
  9. Strength and mass, or water resistance and flexibility. Accept properties tied to the intended use.
  10. Solute Solute: The substance described as being dissolved in a solution.
  11. Accept squeezing a sponge, stretching an elastic band or another appropriate example.
  12. Resistance to water passage. A rain cover should limit water entering.
Review worksheet: 12 questions

  1. Matter and changes: which term fits this description? A change that forms one or more different chemical substances.

    1. Filtration
    2. Freezing
    3. Mass
    4. Chemical change

  2. Which is a non-contact force example?

    1. a magnet attracting a suitable iron object
    2. a hand pushing a box
    3. a bat striking a ball
    4. a rope pulling a cart

  3. Why can a very strong material still be unsuitable for a task?

  4. Matter and changes: which term fits this description? A change from gas to liquid.

    1. Mixture
    2. Volume
    3. Deposition
    4. Condensation

  5. Moving a toy away with your hand is mainly a

    1. evaporation
    2. freeze
    3. push
    4. reflection

  6. One sample has mass 12 g and another 19 g. How much heavier is the second?

  7. Matter and changes: which term fits this description? A measure of an object's inertia, expressed in kilograms in SI.

    1. Mass
    2. Density
    3. Conductor
    4. Gas

  8. Why compare the same toy on two surfaces rather than changing both toy and surface?

  9. Why compare equal-size strips in a simple strength comparison?

    1. Size never affects performance.
    2. Size can influence the result.
    3. It removes all measurement uncertainty.

  10. Matter and changes: which term fits this description? A homogeneous mixture in which components are dispersed at molecular or ionic scale.

    1. Solute
    2. Physical change
    3. Conductor
    4. Solution

  11. A rough surface may slow a sliding object through

    1. pollination
    2. photosynthesis
    3. friction
    4. condensation

  12. Does bending a wire necessarily create a new chemical substance?

    1. Yes, every shape change does.
    2. No.
    3. Only if it is long.
Answer key
  1. Chemical change Chemical change: A change that forms one or more different chemical substances.
  2. a magnet attracting a suitable iron object
  3. It might be too heavy, costly, inflexible or unsafe for the context. A design balances several constraints.
  4. Condensation Condensation: A change from gas to liquid.
  5. push
  6. 7 g 19 − 12 = 7 g.
  7. Mass Mass: A measure of an object's inertia, expressed in kilograms in SI.
  8. Keeping the toy the same helps isolate the effect of the surface.
  9. Size can influence the result. The comparison should control geometry.
  10. Solution Solution: A homogeneous mixture in which components are dispersed at molecular or ionic scale.
  11. friction
  12. No. A shape change can be physical.
02

LS Life Sciences

Plant biology

Plant parts, what plants need, photosynthesis and plant reproduction.

Short lesson: Germination percentage

Study guide for Grades 5 to 9: 2 worked examples and 2 practice questions. Divide germinated seeds by all tested seeds, including those that did not germinate.

percentage = germinated/tested × 100

Divide germinated seeds by all tested seeds, including those that did not germinate.

Worked example

In supplied data, 58 of 100 seeds germinated under the stated test conditions. Find the sample germination percentage. Round to 3 decimal places if needed. Answer in %.

percentage = germinated/tested × 100 58/100 × 100 = 58

Answer: 58 %

Read the full study guide

Worksheets

A practice worksheet and a review worksheet, 12 and 12 questions.

Worksheets (PDF)Answer keys (PDF)
Practice worksheet: 12 questions

  1. In supplied data, 127 of 152 seeds germinated under the stated test conditions. Find the sample germination percentage. Round to 3 decimal places if needed. Answer in %.

  2. In supplied data, 53 of 101 seeds germinated under the stated test conditions. Find the sample germination percentage. Round to 3 decimal places if needed. Answer in %.

  3. In supplied data, 22 of 53 seeds germinated under the stated test conditions. Find the sample germination percentage. Round to 3 decimal places if needed. Answer in %.

  4. In supplied data, 2 of 33 seeds germinated under the stated test conditions. Find the sample germination percentage. Round to 3 decimal places if needed. Answer in %.

  5. In supplied data, 55 of 58 seeds germinated under the stated test conditions. Find the sample germination percentage. Round to 3 decimal places if needed. Answer in %.

  6. In supplied data, 104 of 110 seeds germinated under the stated test conditions. Find the sample germination percentage. Round to 3 decimal places if needed. Answer in %.

  7. In supplied data, 27 of 177 seeds germinated under the stated test conditions. Find the sample germination percentage. Round to 3 decimal places if needed. Answer in %.

  8. In supplied data, 19 of 24 seeds germinated under the stated test conditions. Find the sample germination percentage. Round to 3 decimal places if needed. Answer in %.

  9. In supplied data, 3 of 133 seeds germinated under the stated test conditions. Find the sample germination percentage. Round to 3 decimal places if needed. Answer in %.

  10. In supplied data, 59 of 65 seeds germinated under the stated test conditions. Find the sample germination percentage. Round to 3 decimal places if needed. Answer in %.

  11. In supplied data, 3 of 57 seeds germinated under the stated test conditions. Find the sample germination percentage. Round to 3 decimal places if needed. Answer in %.

  12. In supplied data, 8 of 115 seeds germinated under the stated test conditions. Find the sample germination percentage. Round to 3 decimal places if needed. Answer in %.

Answer key
  1. 83.553 % percentage = germinated/tested × 100 127/152 × 100 = 83.553
  2. 52.475 % percentage = germinated/tested × 100 53/101 × 100 = 52.475
  3. 41.509 % percentage = germinated/tested × 100 22/53 × 100 = 41.509
  4. 6.061 % percentage = germinated/tested × 100 2/33 × 100 = 6.061
  5. 94.828 % percentage = germinated/tested × 100 55/58 × 100 = 94.828
  6. 94.545 % percentage = germinated/tested × 100 104/110 × 100 = 94.545
  7. 15.254 % percentage = germinated/tested × 100 27/177 × 100 = 15.254
  8. 79.167 % percentage = germinated/tested × 100 19/24 × 100 = 79.167
  9. 2.256 % percentage = germinated/tested × 100 3/133 × 100 = 2.256
  10. 90.769 % percentage = germinated/tested × 100 59/65 × 100 = 90.769
  11. 5.263 % percentage = germinated/tested × 100 3/57 × 100 = 5.263
  12. 6.957 % percentage = germinated/tested × 100 8/115 × 100 = 6.957
Review worksheet: 12 questions

  1. In supplied data, 28 of 56 seeds germinated under the stated test conditions. Find the sample germination percentage. Round to 3 decimal places if needed. Answer in %.

  2. In supplied data, 7 of 157 seeds germinated under the stated test conditions. Find the sample germination percentage. Round to 3 decimal places if needed. Answer in %.

  3. In supplied data, 18 of 126 seeds germinated under the stated test conditions. Find the sample germination percentage. Round to 3 decimal places if needed. Answer in %.

  4. In supplied data, 8 of 20 seeds germinated under the stated test conditions. Find the sample germination percentage. Round to 3 decimal places if needed. Answer in %.

  5. In supplied data, 88 of 139 seeds germinated under the stated test conditions. Find the sample germination percentage. Round to 3 decimal places if needed. Answer in %.

  6. In supplied data, 35 of 94 seeds germinated under the stated test conditions. Find the sample germination percentage. Round to 3 decimal places if needed. Answer in %.

  7. In supplied data, 127 of 132 seeds germinated under the stated test conditions. Find the sample germination percentage. Round to 3 decimal places if needed. Answer in %.

  8. In supplied data, 57 of 61 seeds germinated under the stated test conditions. Find the sample germination percentage. Round to 3 decimal places if needed. Answer in %.

  9. In supplied data, 20 of 176 seeds germinated under the stated test conditions. Find the sample germination percentage. Round to 3 decimal places if needed. Answer in %.

  10. In supplied data, 27 of 42 seeds germinated under the stated test conditions. Find the sample germination percentage. Round to 3 decimal places if needed. Answer in %.

  11. In supplied data, 102 of 120 seeds germinated under the stated test conditions. Find the sample germination percentage. Round to 3 decimal places if needed. Answer in %.

  12. In supplied data, 64 of 80 seeds germinated under the stated test conditions. Find the sample germination percentage. Round to 3 decimal places if needed. Answer in %.

Answer key
  1. 50 % percentage = germinated/tested × 100 28/56 × 100 = 50
  2. 4.459 % percentage = germinated/tested × 100 7/157 × 100 = 4.459
  3. 14.286 % percentage = germinated/tested × 100 18/126 × 100 = 14.286
  4. 40 % percentage = germinated/tested × 100 8/20 × 100 = 40
  5. 63.309 % percentage = germinated/tested × 100 88/139 × 100 = 63.309
  6. 37.234 % percentage = germinated/tested × 100 35/94 × 100 = 37.234
  7. 96.212 % percentage = germinated/tested × 100 127/132 × 100 = 96.212
  8. 93.443 % percentage = germinated/tested × 100 57/61 × 100 = 93.443
  9. 11.364 % percentage = germinated/tested × 100 20/176 × 100 = 11.364
  10. 64.286 % percentage = germinated/tested × 100 27/42 × 100 = 64.286
  11. 85 % percentage = germinated/tested × 100 102/120 × 100 = 85
  12. 80 % percentage = germinated/tested × 100 64/80 × 100 = 80

Related ready-made worksheets: Grade 5 Plant biology worksheet

03

LS Life Sciences

Biology & genetics

Cells, ecosystems, food webs and genetics.

Short lesson: Ecosystems and interactions

Study guide for Grades 5 to 10: 20 key ideas, including ecosystem, population and community; 3 practice questions.

Food-web arrows show the direction of energy transfer: from the food organism to the organism eating it.

  • Ecosystem. A community of organisms together with its non-living environment.
  • Population. Members of one species living in a particular area at a particular time.
  • Community. All interacting populations in an area.
  • Producer. An organism that makes organic food from inorganic materials using an energy source.

Read the full study guide

Worksheets

A practice worksheet and a review worksheet, 12 and 12 questions.

Worksheets (PDF)Answer keys (PDF)
Practice worksheet: 12 questions

  1. Ecosystems and interactions: which term fits this description? An organism that breaks down dead organic material and wastes.

    1. Decomposer
    2. Carrying capacity
    3. Extinction
    4. Producer

  2. Fewer rabbits are recorded this year. Give one reason not to conclude immediately that foxes caused the decline.

  3. Ecosystems and interactions: which term fits this description? An organism that makes organic food from inorganic materials using an energy source.

    1. Ecosystem
    2. Carrying capacity
    3. Producer
    4. Biodiversity

  4. In grass → rabbit → fox, what does the first arrow represent?

    1. the direction of wind
    2. food or energy transfer from grass to rabbit
    3. rabbit turning into grass
    4. grass hunting the rabbit

  5. Ecosystems and interactions: which term fits this description? An interaction in which one organism benefits while harming its host.

    1. Parasitism
    2. Adaptation
    3. Community
    4. Extinction

  6. A species eats both plant material and animals. Which description fits?

    1. only producer
    2. only herbivore
    3. nonliving factor
    4. omnivore

  7. Ecosystems and interactions: which term fits this description? An interaction between species in which both participants benefit.

    1. Conservation
    2. Mutualism
    3. Extinction
    4. Abiotic factor

  8. Two species depend on the same limited food. Which interaction can occur?

    1. freezing
    2. condensation
    3. photosynthesis
    4. competition

  9. Ecosystems and interactions: which term fits this description? Differential reproductive success associated with heritable variation.

    1. Carrying capacity
    2. Natural selection
    3. Abiotic factor
    4. Extinction

  10. Why is a food web often more informative than a single food chain?

  11. Ecosystems and interactions: which term fits this description? An interaction in which organisms seek the same limited resource.

    1. Natural selection
    2. Community
    3. Competition
    4. Parasitism

  12. A pond loses many water plants. Which claim is most defensible from this fact alone?

    1. Several food and habitat relationships may be affected.
    2. No other organism can be affected.
    3. Every fish will immediately die.
    4. The exact fish count is now known.
Answer key
  1. Decomposer Decomposer: An organism that breaks down dead organic material and wastes.
  2. Other causes such as food supply, disease, weather, migration or sampling differences may also explain it.
  3. Producer Producer: An organism that makes organic food from inorganic materials using an energy source.
  4. food or energy transfer from grass to rabbit
  5. Parasitism Parasitism: An interaction in which one organism benefits while harming its host.
  6. omnivore
  7. Mutualism Mutualism: An interaction between species in which both participants benefit.
  8. competition
  9. Natural selection Natural selection: Differential reproductive success associated with heritable variation.
  10. It represents multiple feeding links and possible alternative food sources.
  11. Competition Competition: An interaction in which organisms seek the same limited resource.
  12. Several food and habitat relationships may be affected.
Review worksheet: 12 questions

  1. Ecosystems and interactions: which term fits this description? All interacting populations in an area.

    1. Commensalism
    2. Community
    3. Food chain
    4. Adaptation

  2. Which organism commonly acts as a decomposer?

    1. a tree making sugars
    2. a fungus feeding on dead leaves
    3. a hawk hunting mice
    4. a rabbit eating grass

  3. Ecosystems and interactions: which term fits this description? An inherited characteristic that improves reproductive success in a particular environment.

    1. Commensalism
    2. Abiotic factor
    3. Adaptation
    4. Carrying capacity

  4. In grass → rabbit → fox, which organism is the producer?

    1. rabbit
    2. fox
    3. grass
    4. all three

  5. Ecosystems and interactions: which term fits this description? The variety of life, including diversity of genes, species and ecosystems.

    1. Ecosystem
    2. Mutualism
    3. Biodiversity
    4. Parasitism

  6. Is water temperature a living or nonliving environmental factor?

  7. Ecosystems and interactions: which term fits this description? A network showing linked feeding relationships in an ecosystem.

    1. Commensalism
    2. Food web
    3. Ecosystem
    4. Biodiversity

  8. Explain why decomposers matter even though they are often left out of simple food chains.

  9. Ecosystems and interactions: which term fits this description? An interaction in which one organism benefits and the other is not substantially affected.

    1. Extinction
    2. Commensalism
    3. Carrying capacity
    4. Conservation

  10. Ecosystems and interactions: which term fits this description? The protection and responsible management of natural systems and biodiversity.

    1. Conservation
    2. Competition
    3. Community
    4. Natural selection

  11. Ecosystems and interactions: which term fits this description? Members of one species living in a particular area at a particular time.

    1. Parasitism
    2. Population
    3. Producer
    4. Extinction

  12. Ecosystems and interactions: which term fits this description? A single sequence showing transfer through feeding relationships.

    1. Abiotic factor
    2. Commensalism
    3. Food chain
    4. Population
Answer key
  1. Community Community: All interacting populations in an area.
  2. a fungus feeding on dead leaves
  3. Adaptation Adaptation: An inherited characteristic that improves reproductive success in a particular environment.
  4. grass
  5. Biodiversity Biodiversity: The variety of life, including diversity of genes, species and ecosystems.
  6. nonliving
  7. Food web Food web: A network showing linked feeding relationships in an ecosystem.
  8. They break down dead material and waste and help return nutrients to the environment.
  9. Commensalism Commensalism: An interaction in which one organism benefits and the other is not substantially affected.
  10. Conservation Conservation: The protection and responsible management of natural systems and biodiversity.
  11. Population Population: Members of one species living in a particular area at a particular time.
  12. Food chain Food chain: A single sequence showing transfer through feeding relationships.
04

ESS Earth and Space Sciences

Earth & space

The Sun, Moon and planets, day and night, the water cycle and Earth's layers.

Short lesson: Earth systems

Study guide for Grades 4 to 9: 20 key ideas, including crust, mantle and outer core; 3 practice questions.

Weathering breaks material down; erosion transports it. These processes can happen together, but they are not the same.

  • Crust. Earth's thin outermost solid rocky layer.
  • Mantle. The thick rocky region between Earth's crust and core.
  • Outer core. The mostly liquid metallic layer surrounding Earth's inner core.
  • Inner core. Earth's solid central metallic region.

Read the full study guide

Worksheets

A practice worksheet and a review worksheet, 12 and 12 questions.

Worksheets (PDF)Answer keys (PDF)
Practice worksheet: 12 questions

  1. Earth systems: which term fits this description? Removal and transport of material by agents such as water, wind or ice.

    1. Erosion
    2. Magma
    3. Inner core
    4. Outer core

  2. Which is a sound safety rule for a classroom Sun discussion?

    1. Never look directly at the Sun without appropriate certified protection and expert guidance.
    2. Use binoculars with no filter.
    3. Look longer when it is bright.
    4. Stare at it through ordinary sunglasses.

  3. A fictional sediment layer is 2 cm thicker each year for 5 years under a stated model. What added thickness is predicted?

  4. Rainfall on four days is 2, 0, 5 and 3 mm. Find the total rainfall in mm.

  5. Water flowing over the land after rain is

    1. a magnetic field
    2. a phase of the Moon
    3. runoff
    4. a chemical element

  6. Space and the solar system: which term fits this description? Earth's natural satellite.

    1. Moon
    2. Lunar eclipse
    3. Venus
    4. Mercury

  7. Earth systems: which term fits this description? Rock formed as magma or lava cools and solidifies.

    1. Transpiration
    2. Plate tectonics
    3. Igneous rock
    4. Runoff

  8. Explain the difference between a rotation and a revolution using Earth.

  9. Why should a field observation be recorded before choosing a rock name?

  10. Why should the same rainfall units be used in a comparison chart?

  11. Why is the water cycle better shown as connected pathways than one single circle?

  12. Space and the solar system: which term fits this description? An event in which the Moon blocks our view of part or all of the Sun.

    1. Moon
    2. Uranus
    3. Solar eclipse
    4. Galaxy
Answer key
  1. Erosion Erosion: Removal and transport of material by agents such as water, wind or ice.
  2. Never look directly at the Sun without appropriate certified protection and expert guidance. Unprotected solar viewing can damage eyes; use safe indirect classroom models instead.
  3. 10 cm 2 × 5 = 10 cm; real deposition need not be constant.
  4. 10 2 + 0 + 5 + 3 = 10
  5. runoff Runoff travels across the surface.
  6. Moon Moon: Earth's natural satellite.
  7. Igneous rock Igneous rock: Rock formed as magma or lava cools and solidifies.
  8. Earth rotates about its axis and revolves in its orbit around the Sun. Accept equivalent clear wording.
  9. Texture, composition and context provide evidence for classification. Use evidence rather than guessing from one color.
  10. Consistent units prevent a numerical difference caused only by different unit scales.
  11. Water can be stored in many places and move through different routes, including groundwater and ice. Credit multiple possible pathways or different storage times.
  12. Solar eclipse Solar eclipse: An event in which the Moon blocks our view of part or all of the Sun.
Review worksheet: 12 questions

  1. What process forms an igneous rock in the basic model?

    1. Cooling and solidification of molten material.
    2. Every type of evaporation.
    3. Only compacting plastic litter.

  2. Earth systems: which term fits this description? Earth's thin outermost solid rocky layer.

    1. Precipitation
    2. Crust
    3. Lava
    4. Weathering

  3. Why might moving a thermometer from shade into direct sun affect a comparison?

  4. How could paving a previously grassy area change the route taken by rainwater?

  5. Space and the solar system: which term fits this description? A small icy solar-system body that can release gas and dust near the Sun.

    1. Moon
    2. Solar eclipse
    3. Comet
    4. Venus

  6. Waxing describes a visible illuminated portion that is

    1. increasing
    2. always absent
    3. permanently frozen
    4. decreasing

  7. Must every rock pass through the same cycle steps in the same order?

    1. Yes, exactly once each.
    2. Only if it contains quartz.
    3. No.

  8. Earth systems: which term fits this description? The thick rocky region between Earth's crust and core.

    1. Weather
    2. Climate
    3. Mantle
    4. Igneous rock

  9. Which record best supports a local climate comparison?

    1. one photograph
    2. one opinion
    3. one lunchtime temperature
    4. many years of consistently measured observations

  10. Why can groundwater matter even when it is not visible from the surface?

  11. Space and the solar system: which term fits this description? An event in which the Moon passes into Earth's shadow.

    1. Lunar eclipse
    2. Light-year
    3. Milky Way
    4. Venus

  12. Earth's daily rotation mainly explains

    1. the cycle of day and night
    2. the shape of every cloud
    3. all Moon craters
    4. why all seasons are equally warm
Answer key
  1. Cooling and solidification of molten material. Igneous rock forms from magma or lava cooling.
  2. Crust Crust: Earth's thin outermost solid rocky layer.
  3. Exposure changed, so readings may reflect the measurement setting as well as the air conditions being compared.
  4. It may reduce infiltration and increase or redirect surface runoff, depending on drainage. Avoid claiming that all rain follows one route.
  5. Comet Comet: A small icy solar-system body that can release gas and dust near the Sun.
  6. increasing Waxing refers to the growing lit fraction seen from Earth.
  7. No. The cycle shows alternative pathways.
  8. Mantle Mantle: The thick rocky region between Earth's crust and core.
  9. many years of consistently measured observations
  10. It stores water and can supply wells, streams or springs. Credit a connection between underground storage and surface or human use.
  11. Lunar eclipse Lunar eclipse: An event in which the Moon passes into Earth's shadow.
  12. the cycle of day and night Different parts of Earth turn toward and away from sunlight.

Related ready-made worksheets: Grade 5 Earth & space worksheet