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Earth & space

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Sample exercises

Grades 5–8 · Earth & space

Which statement describes weather?

  1. It rained here this morning.
  2. The long-term winter average is low.
  3. Rainfall patterns were compared over decades.
  4. This region typically has dry summers.
Answer and explanation

It rained here this morning.

It concerns a short-term local condition.

Grades 5–8 · Earth & space

Temperatures at noon are 12, 15, 18 and 15 °C. Find their mean in °C.

Answer and explanation

15

The sum is 60; 60/4 = 15.

Grades 5–8 · Earth & space

Which dataset is more suitable for comparing long-term rainfall patterns?

  1. One wet afternoon
  2. A single photograph
  3. A guess based on the town's name
  4. Consistent records covering many years
Answer and explanation

Consistent records covering many years

Climate comparisons need longer consistent records.

Grades 5–8 · Earth & space

Why does one cold day not by itself disprove a long-term warming trend?

Answer and explanation

Short-term variability can occur within a longer pattern; the timescales differ.

Credit the distinction between one observation and a trend.

Grades 5–8 · Earth & space

Rainfall totals are 4 mm on Monday, 0 mm on Tuesday and 9 mm on Wednesday. Find the three-day total in mm.

Answer and explanation

13

4 + 0 + 9 = 13.

Grades 5–8 · Earth & space

Which unit is suitable for a rain gauge reading?

  1. kilograms per hour
  2. millimetres
  3. degrees longitude
  4. degrees Celsius
Answer and explanation

millimetres

Rainfall depth is commonly expressed in millimetres.

Study notes