Physics · University
Carnot upper-bound efficiency · formula reference
Temperatures must be absolute. This is the reversible upper bound between two reservoirs, not a claim about a real engine.
Formula
Temperatures must be absolute. This is the reversible upper bound between two reservoirs, not a claim about a real engine.
η = 1 − Tc/Th
Worked example
A reversible heat engine works between 270 K and 710 K. Find its Carnot efficiency as a percentage. Round the final result to 4 decimal places if needed. Answer in %.
η = 1 − 270/710. Multiply the fraction by 100 for percent.
61.9718 %
Prerequisites and checking
Algebra, calculus and the stated physical model. Keep units and rounding consistent. State the model conditions before applying the formula.
Further reading and review references
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