Biology · Grades 10–12
From genes to proteins · Revision sheet
Use transcription and translation as distinct processes.
Learn the idea
Transcription
RNA is produced using DNA information as a template.
Translation
Ribosomes read messenger RNA codons to assemble an amino-acid sequence.
Code
A codon contains three RNA bases. Use a supplied codon table to avoid guessing assignments.
Limits
Not every gene encodes a protein, and not every RNA molecule is messenger RNA.
Explain without looking
- Are all RNA molecules translated into proteins?
- Why can the same gene be present in two cell types while their protein production differs?
Further reading and review references
- openstax.org · reference 1
- www.genome.gov · reference 2
- www.genome.gov · reference 3
- www.genome.gov · reference 4
- www.genome.gov · reference 5
- www.genome.gov · reference 6
These are reference links, not copied exercises, institutional endorsement or proof of independent review.
Independent educational review required. Grade bands are approximate; these are not officially aligned curricula.